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Review article| Volume 86, ISSUE 3, P657-674, May 2002

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Pharmacologic treatments of dementia

  • Lauren T Bonner
    Correspondence
    Corresponding author
    Affiliations
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 116 MIRECC, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
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  • Elaine R Peskind
    Affiliations
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, 116 MIRECC, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
    Search for articles by this author
      Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other forms of dementia are estimated to affect millions worldwide. Because estimates of the incidence and prevalence of dementia are criteria dependent, the true number of people affected by dementia in the United States is unknown. Is it estimated that AD, the most common cause of dementia, accounts for nearly 70% of dementias [
      • Small G.W.
      • Rabins P.V.
      • Barry P.P.
      • et al.
      Diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer disease and related disorders. Consensus statement of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, the Alzheimer's Association, and the American Geriatrics Society.
      ]. There is still debate about the second and third most common forms of dementia. Recent neuropathologic studies have demonstrated that dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) may be the second most common cause of dementia, accounting for 15% to 25% of dementia cases [
      • McKeith I.G.
      • Galasko D.
      • Kosaka K.
      • et al.
      Consensus guidelines for the clinical and pathologic diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): report of the Consortium on DLB International Workshop.
      ]. Other sources consider vascular/multi-infarct dementia (VaD) to be the second most common cause of dementia [
      • Costa P.
      • Williams T.
      • Summerfield M.
      • et al.
      ].
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